Abstract: Rural labor markets in Africa are frequently characterized by underemployment, with farmers unable to fully deploy throughout the year one of their most important assets—their labor. Using a nine-year panel data set on 1,407 working-age adults from rural Malawi, we document changes in rural underemployment over this period and how they are associated with […]
Working Paper 42: Leveraging Urbanization for Inclusive Development in Malawi
Abstract: Agricultural development in Malawi faces an important conundrum. While agriculture is the backbone of the economy, many smallholders will not be able to farm their way out of poverty. Shrinking farmland size severely limits the total income that can be earned from farming, even at much higher levels of productivity per area farmed than […]
Working Paper 41: Primary Agricultural Cooperatives in Malawi: Structure, Conduct, and Performance
Abstract: Primary agricultural cooperatives in Malawi, in contrast to other farmer-level organizations, have legal status and can own assets, borrow money for their operations, and sign contracts, making it easier for them to do business for the profit of their members. Conceptually, such cooperatives enable their member-farmers to achieve economies of scale for their commercial […]
Working Paper 40: Employment options and challenges for rural households in Malawi
*This is a revised version of the Working Paper originally distributed in March 2023. The original analysis of off‑farm income sources subsequently was found to have overlooked remittances from biological children of the head of household or the household head’s spouse who were 15 years old and over and did not live in the household. […]
Working Paper 40: Employment options and challenges for rural households in Malawi
Malawi has suffered from weak economic growth since its independence in 1964. Over 50 percent of the population live below the poverty line, unable to produce enough or to otherwise obtain sufficient income to meet all of their basic needs. Poverty is concentrated in rural areas. Smallholder agriculture dominates employment in rural Malawi. However, with continuing […]
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